{"id":42,"date":"2015-10-21T07:02:49","date_gmt":"2015-10-21T07:02:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jeremy-wu.info\/?page_id=42"},"modified":"2015-12-13T05:20:27","modified_gmt":"2015-12-13T10:20:27","slug":"profiling","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/jeremy-wu.info\/?page_id=42","title":{"rendered":"Profiling"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Profiling<\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Date<\/th>\nCategory<\/th>\nActivity<\/th>\nDescription<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
2018\/02\/13<\/td>\nFBI Profiling+<\/td>\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
FBI Director Christopher Wray on 2018\/02\/13<\/figcaption><\/figure>

<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Dialogue with the FBI on 2018\/05\/19<\/figcaption><\/figure>

\n<\/td>\n

2018\/02\/13 Senate Intelligence Committee:
\n        Hearing on Worldwide Threats<\/a>
\n        C-SPAN excerpt beginning with Senator Rubio’s leading question <\/a>
\n2018\/02\/13 The Beast: FBI Director\u2019s Shock Claim: Chinese Students Are a Potential Threat<\/a>
\n2018\/02\/14 United Chinese Americans: Senator Rubio and FBI Director Wray\u2019s Recent Remarks on Chinese Students Being National Security Threat<\/a>
\n2018\/02\/15
\n        CAPAC: Rubio and Wray\u2019s Remarks Singling Out Chinese Students as National Security Threats<\/a>
\n        Inside Higher Ed: The Chinese Student Threat?<\/a>
\n2018\/02\/16
\n        Committee of 100: Broad Brush Stereotyping and Targeting of Chinese Students and Academics<\/a>
\n        APAPA: Supporting CAPAC Members\u2019 Statement Against Rubio and Wray\u2019s Remarks Singling Out Chinese Students and Scientists<\/a>
\n2018\/02\/20 Xiaoxing Xi: Speech in front of Independence Hall, Philadelphia, PA <\/a>
\n2018\/02\/22 Committee of 100: Frank Wu: Do Chinese students in US threaten US security?<\/a>
\n2018\/02\/27
\n        Jeremy Wu: A Letter to the FBI Director: You Made a Grave Mistake<\/a>
\n        Asia Times: FBI director\u2019s grave mistake on targeting Chinese-Americans<\/a>
\n2018\/03\/01 Press Release: Community Organizations Call for Meeting with FBI Director Christopher Wray Regarding Profiling of Students, Scholars, and Scientists with Chinese Origins<\/a>
\n2013\/03\/01 14 Coalition Organizations: Coalition letter to FBI Director Wray<\/a>
\n2018\/03\/08 Washington Post: America\u2019s new \u2014 and senseless \u2014 Red Scare<\/a>
\n2018\/03\/16 Inside Higher Ed: Will U.S. Restrict Visas for Chinese Students?<\/a>
\n2018\/03\/21 NBC News: FBI chief on biggest threats: China spies, terror, rise in violent crime<\/a>
\n2018\/03\/23 Huffington Post: FBI Director Defends Remarks That Chinese People In U.S. Pose Threats<\/a>
\n2018\/03\/23 Bloomberg: Don’t Slam the Door on Chinese Students<\/a>
\n2018\/04\/23 MSPB Decision: MSPB Judge Agrees That Sherry Chen Is The \u201cVictim Of A Gross Injustice\u201d <\/a>
\n2018\/04\/30 The New York Times: White House Considers Restricting Chinese Researchers Over Espionage Fears<\/a>
\n2018\/05\/01 STAT: Scientists alarmed by report White House may tighten limits on Chinese researchers in U.S.<\/a>
\n2018\/05\/05 South China Morning Post: Spying charges against Chinese-American scientists spark fears of a witch hunt<\/a>
\n2018\/05\/09 Bloomberg: China’s Spies Elude U.S. Vacuum Cleaner<\/a>
\n2018\/05\/12 South China Morning Post: US bill to increase oversight on Chinese investment will be voted on in the Senate<\/a>
\n2018\/05\/19 Meeting with FBI Field Office: Dialogue with the FBI: Industrial Espionage and the Chinese Community in Silicon Valley<\/a>
\n2018\/06\/03 Business Insider: The FBI calls Chinese spies in the US a ‘whole of society threat’ \u2014 here’s how to protect yourself<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2015\/05\/21<\/td>\nCommunity<\/td>\n\n
\"Fact<\/a>
Fact Sheet<\/figcaption><\/figure>

<\/p>\n

\"09\/04\/2015<\/a>
2015\/09\/04 Community Joint Letter to the Attorney General<\/figcaption><\/figure>

<\/p>\n

\"2015\/11\/16<\/a>
2015\/11\/16 Joint NCAPA and NAPABA Letter<\/figcaption><\/figure>

<\/p>\n

\"2016\/01\/08<\/a>
2016\/01\/08 Online Petition by Concerned Scientists, Engineers and Professors<\/figcaption><\/figure>

<\/p>\n

\"Actual<\/a>
2016\/04\/30 Actual DOJ Rule Changes<\/figcaption><\/figure>

<\/p>\n

\"2016\/05\/15<\/a>
2016\/05\/15 Collateral Damage<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/td>\n
FACT SHEET<\/a>
\nAsian Law Caucus: Know Your Rights – Stop Unfair Treatment of Chinese American Academics and Scientists<\/a>
\nAsian Law Caucus and UC Berkeley Law School: Civil Rights Outreach Project (CROP)<\/a><\/p>

2015\/05\/09 New York Times: Accused of Spying for China, Until She Wasn’t<\/a>
\n2015\/05\/21 Congressional Press Conference: Committee of 100 statement<\/a>
\n2015\/09\/04 Joint Community Letter to Attorney General in support of Congressional Inquiry on Profiling<\/a>
\n2015\/09\/15 New York Times: The Rush to Find China’s Moles<\/a>
\n2015\/09\/15 Community Press Conference: Committee of 100 Statement<\/a>
\n2015\/09\/16 Committee of 100: Trade Secrets and Economic Espionage: Legal Risks in Advancing Technology between the U.S. and China<\/a>
\n2015\/09\/20 \u4fa8\u62a5: \u95f4\u8c0d\u9519\u63a7\u6848 \u534e\u88d4\u793e\u56e2\u5401\u53f8\u6cd5\u90e8\u5f7b\u67e5<\/a>
\n2015\/09\/28 The Hill: Not all Chinese are economic spies<\/a>
\n2015\/10\/13 Pittsburgh Post-Gazette: Is DOJ focus on Chinese espionage racial profiling?<\/a>
\n2015\/10\/17 \u3010\u6c34\u6728\u71d5\u56ed\u5ea7\u8c08\u4f1a\u3011 The Case of Xiaoxing Xi – Are Asian Americans Profiled?<\/a>
\n        Jeremy Wu: The Case of Xiaoxing Xi: Are Asian American Scientists Profiled?<\/a>
\n        Video Link (01:18:02)<\/a>
\n2015\/10\/21-23 Seminar on SPIES or STEREOTYPES: The Case of Professor Xiaoxing Xi – Are Asian American Scientists Profiled as Economic Espionage Threats?
\n        10\/21 Stanford University<\/a>
\n        10\/22 UC Berkeley<\/a>
\n        10\/23 UC Hastings<\/a> Announcements in English<\/a>|\u7b80\u4f53<\/a>|\u7e41\u9ad4<\/a>
\n2015\/11\/12
\n        Science Magazine: Feature: Chinese-American scientists in the crosshairs<\/a>
\n        Washington Post: Chinese-Americans are being caught mistakenly in the U.S.\u2019s cybercrime dragnet<\/a>
\n2015\/11\/16 NCAPA Statement and Community Letter: 70+ Asian Pacific American, Civil Rights, and Civil Liberties Organizations Urge U.S. Attorney General to Investigate Possible Profiling of Asian American Scientists<\/a>
\n2015\/11\/18 American Physical Society: Lawmakers Condemn Targeting of Chinese-American Scientists<\/a>
\n2015\/11\/19 Vice News: Why Does the FBI Keep Arresting Asian-American Scientists?<\/a>
\n2015\/11\/24
\n        \u4e16\u754c\u65b0\u805e\u7db2: \u83ef\u4eba\u5c62\u906d\u8aa3\u544a\u2026\u4e3b\u6d41\u4e5f\u6253\u62b1\u4e0d\u5e73<\/a>
\n        NBC News: Calls for Investigation Over Alleged Profiling of Chinese-Americans Scientists Grow<\/a>
\n2015\/12\/10 \u7f8e\u56fd\u4e4b\u97f3: \u9648\u971e\u82ac\u90d7\u5c0f\u661f\u6848\u5f8b\u5e08\uff1a\u534e\u88d4\u8eab\u4efd\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0<\/a>
\n        Video Link: (33:20)<\/a>
\n2015\/12\/16 Association of Chinese American Professors and Scientists at the University of Maryland: Letter to Attorney General Lynch<\/a>
\n2016\/01\/08 Online petition by Concerned Scientists, Engineers and Professors to the Attorney General: We Want An Independent Investigation<\/a>
\n2016\/01\/10 The Chronicle of Higher Education: The Spy Who Wasn’t<\/a> (subscription required)
\n2016\/01\/25
\n        Jeremy Wu: A Web-Based Resource on China-Related Federal Prosecutions of Economic Espionage and Trade Secrets<\/a>
\n        Washington Post: How David Petraeus avoided felony charges and possible prison time<\/a>
\n2016\/01\/26 Asia Times: Wizards of Washington exaggerate role of China in economic espionage<\/a>
\n2016\/01\/29
\n        \u65b0\u4e16\u754c\u65f6\u62a5\uff1a\u5728\u7f8e\u534e\u4eba\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u5546\u4eba\u5982\u4f55\u89c4\u907f\u6cd5\u5f8b\u98ce\u9669<\/a>
\n        \u5c16\u5cf0\u65f6\u523b – AM1300\u7535\u53f0: \u4e8e\u6d69\u8ac7\u83ef\u88d4\u7a83\u5bc6\u53ca\u9003\u72af<\/a>
\n2016\/02\/02 China Daily: Chinese-American scientists should not be singled out unfairly<\/a>
\n2016\/02\/16 San Jose Mercury News: Chinese-American professionals wage civil rights movement against U.S. spying accusations<\/a>
\n2016\/03\/04 Society of Chinese Bioscientists in America: Letter to Attorney General Lynch<\/a>
\n2016\/04\/26 New York Times: After Missteps, U.S. Tightens Rules for Espionage Cases<\/a>
\n2016\/04\/27 NBC News: Advocates Say Espionage Case Rule Changes Fall Short for Previously Accused Scientists<\/a>
\n2016\/04\/30 Jeremy Wu: Actual Changes in Department of Justice Rule<\/a>
\n2016\/05\/04 Los Angeles Times: Is racial bias to blame for the high number of Asian Americans charged with espionage?<\/a>
\n2016\/05\/14 Huffington Post: Racial Profiling: Doing Science While Asian American<\/a>
\n2016\/05\/15
\n        CBS 60 Minutes: Collateral Damage<\/a>
\n        Wall Street Journal: Fired Worker Files Complaint After Spy Case Dropped<\/a>
\n        Petition to President Obama and Attorney General Lynch: OBAMA, DOJ: STOP RECKLESS PROSECUTIONS BASED ON RACE<\/a>
\n2016\/05\/16 Philly.com: A year later, Temple professor haunted by spying allegations<\/a>
\n2016\/06\/21 NCAPA: Coalition Letter Calling for DOJ IG Independent Investigation<\/a>
\n2016\/08\/16 NPR: The Fine Line Between Countering Security Threats And Racial Profiling<\/a>
\n2016\/09\/23 Washington Post: Government lawyers don\u2019t understand the Internet. That\u2019s a problem.<\/a>
\n2016\/10\/24 Financial Times: US nuclear secrets trial cools co-operation with China<\/a>
\n2016\/10\/31 Los Angeles Times: The saga of the Chinese spies and the stolen corn seeds: Will it discourage economic espionage?<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

2015\/05\/21<\/td>\nU.S. Government<\/td>\n\n
\"2015\/05\/21<\/a>
2015\/05\/21 Congressional Press Conference<\/figcaption><\/figure>

<\/p>\n

\"2015\/11\/17<\/a>
2015\/11\/17 Congressional Press Conference on Capitol Hill<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/td>\n
2015\/05\/21 Press conference led by Congresspersons Ted Lieu, Judy Chu, and Mike Honda, House Cannon Building:
\n        Joint Congressional letter by 22 Members to Attorney General<\/a>
\n        Committee of 100 statement<\/a>
\n2015\/07\/27 Department of Justice: Response to Congressional Request of Investigations<\/a>
\n2015\/09\/14 CAPAC: CAPAC Calls on DOJ and FBI to Examine Ethnic Profiling Practices<\/a>
\n2015\/10\/22 CSPAN: Rep. Chu Questions FBI Director Comey on Wrongful Investigations of Chinese Americans<\/a>
\n2015\/11\/05 Joint Letter by 42 Congressional Members: Requesting Attorney General Investigation into Wrongful Indictments Against Asian Americans for Alleged Espionage<\/a>
\n2015\/11\/06 Los Angeles Times: Rep. Lieu joins call for Justice investigation of arrested Chinese American scientists<\/a>
\n2015\/11\/07 National Public Radio: Discrimination Suspect In Chinese-American Scientists’ Arrests<\/a>
\n2015\/11\/17
\n        CAPAC: CAPAC Joins Wrongly Accused Asian American Scientists to Call for Accountability from DOJ and an End to Profiling<\/a>
\n        Letter to AG Lynch: by Senator Tom Carper and Representative John Carney<\/a>
\n2015\/11\/23 U.S. Commission on Civil Rights calls for DOJ Investigation
\n        PR News: Press Release<\/a>
\n        USCCR: Letter to the Attorney General<\/a>
\n2015\/12\/04 Delaware Congressional Delegation: Letter to the Attorney General<\/a>
\n2015\/12\/21 Department of Justice: Reply to Congressman Ted Lieu<\/a>
\n2016\/01\/15 Department of Justice: Reply to Delaware Congressional Delegation<\/a>
\n2016\/02\/29 Department of Jsutice: Reply to Congresswoman Judy Chu<\/a>
\n2016\/04\/27 NBC News: Advocates Say Espionage Case Rule Changes Fall Short for Previously Accused Scientists<\/a>
\n2016\/05\/13 CAPAC: CAPAC Members Demand Independent Investigation Into Cases Targeting Asian Americans<\/a>
\n2016\/07\/15 U.S. Commission on Civil Rights: Calling DOJ IG to Conduct Independent Investigation<\/a>
\n2016\/08\/11 DOJ\/OIG: Letters to the USCCR and 81 Private Organizations Concerning Espionage Investigations and Prosecutions of Asian American and Pacific Islander Scientists<\/a>
\n2016\/08\/30 FBI: The FBI\u2019s Approach to the Cyber Threat<\/a>
\n2016\/09\/28 House Judiciary Committee: Oversight of the FBI<\/a>
\n2016\/10\/25 MIT Technology Review: The Decline in Chinese Cyberattacks: The Story Behind the Numbers<\/a>
\n2016\/10\/31 DOJ: DOJ Response to CAPAC OPR Letter<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/08 FBI: Response to Congresswoman Judy Chu’s inquiry<\/a>
\n2017\/07\/05 DOJ: Response to Chinese American Scientist Inquiries<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2017\/06\/29<\/td>\nChunzai Wang<\/td>\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
Dr. Chunzai Wang<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/td>\n
Dr. Chunzai Wang is a naturalized U.S. citizen born in China. He is an expert on climate change and hurricanes won the Employee of the Year Award at NOAA in 2012 and a second award at NOAA in 2013.
\n2017\/06\/29 Court Listener: Court Docket for United States v. Wang (1:17-cr-20449)<\/a>
\n2018\/02\/22 Department of Justice: Former Research Oceanographer Sentenced for Accepting a Salary from the People\u2019s Republic of China<\/a>
\n2018\/02\/27 Peter Zeidenberg: Chunzai Wang and the Targeting of Chinese-American Scientists<\/a>
\n2018\/04\/05 Committee of 100: Committee of 100 Expresses Concern About Unfair Prosecution of Chunzai Wang<\/a>
\n2018\/04\/27 Committee of Concerned Scientists: US Scientist Leaves US After Petty Felony Conviction<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2016\/04\/14<\/td>\nAllen Ho<\/td>\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
Dr. Szuhiung \u201cAllen\u201d Ho<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/td>\n
Allen Ho is a naturalized U.S. citizen born in Taiwan. He is a nuclear engineer and independent consultant.<\/p>

2016\/04\/05 U.S. District Court: Indictment<\/a>
\n2016\/04\/14 Department of Justice: U.S. Nuclear Engineer, China General Nuclear Power Company and Energy Technology International Indicted in Nuclear Power Conspiracy against the United States<\/a>
\n2016\/05\/16 WBIR: FBI head: Unique case illustrates dangers of economic espionage<\/a>
\n2016\/06\/08 Defense Motion: Pretrial Release on Conditions<\/a>
\n2016\/06\/20 Knoxville News Sentinel: Employee of Chinese government has cause to flee, federal judge rules<\/a>
\n2016\/06\/29 Defense Motion: Vacate Order of Detention<\/a>
\n2016\/08\/10 Defense Motion: Supplemental Brief to Vacate Order of Detention<\/a>
\n2016\/08\/11 The Guardian: Who is the US engineer accused of nuclear espionage?<\/a>
\n2016\/08\/16 Knoxville News Sentinel: Judge to decide pre-trial freedom of engineer accused of buying nuclear know-how for China<\/a>
\n2016\/08\/21 Defense Motion: Strike Government’s Supplemental Pleading Regarding Bail<\/a>
\n2016\/08\/25 Bloomberg: FBI Files Say China Firm Pushed U.S. Experts for Nuclear Secrets<\/a>
\n2016\/08\/30: The Tennessean: Feds renew attempt to keep suspect jailed in Chinese espionage case<\/a>
\n2016\/09\/15 Pittsburgh Post-Gazette: Nuclear Secrets: The ex-Westinghouse employee accused of helping a foreign power<\/a>
\n2016\/10\/24 Financial Times: US nuclear secrets trial cools co-operation with China<\/a>
\n2017\/01\/03 USA Today: FBI: Accused spy has ‘vital’ intelligence on China<\/a>
\n2017\/01\/06 Washington Post: U.S. used Cold War-era statute to prosecute Taiwanese American nuclear engineer<\/a>
\n2017\/01\/15 Power Magazine: Feds Hammer Asian Engineer for Alleged Spying for China<\/a>
\n2017\/08\/31 CNN: US man gets 2 years in prison for aiding Chinese nuclear energy program<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

2015\/05\/21<\/td>\nXiaoxing Xi<\/td>\n\n
\"Professor<\/a>
Professor Xiaoxing Xi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/td>\n
Xiaoxing Xi is a naturalized U.S. citizen born in China. He was Chair and is current Professor of the Physics Department at Temple University.<\/p>

Xiaoxing Xi Legal Defense Fund<\/a>
\n2015\/05\/14 U.S. District Court: Indictment<\/a>
\n2015\/05\/14 U.S. District Court: Docket<\/a>
\n2015\/05\/21 Department of Justice: University Professor Charged In Wire Fraud Scheme<\/a>
\n2015\/05\/22 Philly.com Temple professor is Chinese spy: Justice Dept.<\/a>
\n2015\/09\/11 Dismissal of All Charges
\n        U.S. District Court: Unopposed Dismissal of Indictment Without Prejudice<\/a>
\n        New York Times: U.S. Drops Charges That Professor Shared Technology With China<\/a>
\n2015\/09\/18 Philly.com: Days after spy charges were dropped, Temple professor talks at D.C. forum<\/a>
\n2015\/09\/18 USA Today: To get my father, Xiaxoxing Xi, FBI twisted America’s Ideals: Joyce Xi<\/a>
\n2016\/01\/14 Voice of America \u8499\u51a4\u534e\u88d4\u6559\u6388\u90d7\u5c0f\u661f\u56de\u5f52\u5de5\u4f5c<\/a>
\n2016\/03\/21 Philly.com: Lawyer: U.S. won’t file new charges against Temple physics prof<\/a>
\n2017\/05\/10 New York Times: Former Espionage Suspect Sues, Accusing F.B.I. of Falsifying Evidence<\/a>
\n2017\/05\/10 Philly.com: Temple professor, once accused of spying for China, sues FBI agents<\/a>
\n2017\/05\/11 NBC News: Scientist Formerly Accused of Spying Sues Alleging FBI Agent Falsified Evidence<\/a>
\n2017\/05\/12 Mintpress News: Physics Professor Sues FBI Agent Over Now Debunked Espionage Charges<\/a>
\n2017\/07\/13 Asian Law Caucus+: Asian Americans Support Xi Family Lawsuit Over False Spying Charges<\/a>
\n2017\/07\/14 Philadelphia Business Journal: Family of Temple professor joins lawsuit against FBI for false arrest<\/a>
\n2017\/07\/17 NBC News: Family of Scientist Formerly Accused of Spying Joins Lawsuit Against FBI Agent<\/a>
\n2017\/10\/31 ACLU: Second Amended Complaint Case 2:17-cv-02132-RBS<\/a>
\n2017\/12\/13 The Edwardsville Intelligencer: The war on science grows deeper<\/a>
\n2018\/01\/03 Google Talks: The United States of America vs. Xiaoxing Xi: Why It Matters<\/a>
\n2018\/01\/11 Vox: The House voted to allow the NSA to keep spying on Americans<\/a>
\n2018\/02\/20 LinkedIn: Professor Xiaoxing Xi Responds to Profiling Remarks by Senator Rubio and FBI Director Wray<\/a> <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

2014\/10\/20<\/td>\nSherry Chen<\/td>\n\n
\"Xiafen<\/a>
Xiafen “Sherry” Chen<\/figcaption><\/figure>

<\/p>\n

\"Ding<\/a>
02\/02\/2016 Ding Ding TV Interview<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/td>\n
Xiafen “Sherry” Chen is a naturalized U.S. citizen born in China. She was a hydrologist at the National Weather Service.<\/p>

Sherry Chen Legal Defense Fund<\/a>
\n2014\/09\/22 NOAA: Army Corps hydrologist named new director of NOAA\u2019s Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory<\/a>
\n2014\/10\/16 U.S. District Court: Indictment<\/a>
\n2014\/10\/20 FBI: NOAA National Weather Service Employee Indicted for Allegedly Downloading Restricted Government Files <\/a>
\n2014\/12\/30 U.S. District Court: Email Exchanges in Question<\/a>
\n2015\/01\/06 Washington Times: FBI eyes Chinese hacking of dams database<\/a>
\n2015\/03\/10 Wall Street Journal: Government Drops Charges Against Federal Employee<\/a>
\n2015\/03\/11 Dayton Daily News: Federal hacking case against NOAA hydrologist dismissed<\/a>
\n2015\/05\/09 New York Times: Accused of Spying for China, Until She Wasn\u2019t<\/a>
\n2015\/05\/12 Washington Post: Falsely accused of spying, Weather Service employee\u2019s life turned upside down<\/a>
\n2015\/10\/02 Sherry Chen’s Response to Notice of Proposed Disciplinary Action Against Sherry Chen<\/a>
\n2016\/02\/02 Ding Ding TV: \u300a\u7845\u8c37\u770b\u4e16\u754c\u300b\u83ef\u88d4\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u9673\u971e\u82ac\u5546\u696d\u9593\u8adc\u6848\u59cb\u672b<\/a>
\n2016\/02\/16 Joint Event: Help Sherry Chen, Help Ourselves<\/a>
\n2016\/03\/29 Asia Times: Sherry Chen\u2019s dismissal is an indictment of racist federal government<\/a>
\n2016\/05\/15 Wall Street Journal: Fired Worker Files Complaint After Spy Case Dropped<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/02 Sherry Chen Legal Defense Fund: MSPB Hearing and Press Release<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/03 Committee of 100: Committee of 100 Urges Community Support for Sherry Chen in Employment Discrimination Case <\/a>
\n2017\/03\/04 Ohio Chinese American News: Lee Wong asks us to support Sherry Chen<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/04 Ohio Chinese American Association: Sherry Chen MSPB HearingSupport Sherry Chen in employment discrimination case <\/a>
\n2017\/03\/07 NextShark.com American Scientist Sues U.S. Government After Being Accused of Spying For China<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/08 World Journal: \u906d\u8bec\u63a7\u4e2d\u56fd\u95f4\u8c0d \u9648\u971e\u82ac\u6700\u540e\u6094\u7684\u662f\u2026<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/13 Cincinnati CityBeat: Fired government hydrologist wants her job back after criminal charges dropped<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/13 Asian American News: Rally to Support Sherry Chen Racial Discrimination Case Tuesday and Wednesday<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/14 \u7f8e\u56fd\u4e9a\u88d4\u65b0\u95fb\u5c40: \u9648\u971e\u82ac\u6848\u542c\u8bc1\u4f1a\u660e\u5929\u4e3e\u884c,\u591a\u4e2a\u534e\u4eba\u793e\u56e2\u51fa\u5e2d\u5e76\u96c6\u4f1a\u52a9\u5a01<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/14 Asian Americans Advancing Justice: Asian Americans Advancing Justice Supports Sherry Chen in her Quest for Justice<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/14 NBC News: Government Scientist Fired After Dropped Spying Charges Petitions for Reinstatement<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/14 WLWT-TV5 NBC News: Woman wrongfully accused of being Chinese spy fights to get job back<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/14 Cincinnati Enquirer:
\nDisgraced Chinese-American scientist fights to get her job back<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/14 WCPO-9 ABC Cincinnati: Ohio scientist accused of spying wants her job back<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/14 FOX19 Cincinnati: Ohio scientist cleared of espionage charges wants her job back<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/14 \u9999\u6e2f\u4e1c\u65b9\u65e5\u62a5: \u83ef\u88d4\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u63a7\u7f8e\u7121\u7406\u89e3\u50f1<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/14 Sing Tao Daily: \u5ba3\u50b3\u300c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e0d\u662f\u9593\u8adc\u300d \u4e9e\u7f8e\u516c\u7fa9\u633a\u9673\u971e\u82ac\u5c0b\u6c42\u53f8\u6cd5\u516c\u6b63<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/14 World Journal: \u9648\u971e\u82ac\u590d\u804c\u516c\u542c\u4f1a\u542f\u52a8 \u652f\u6301\u8005\u5230\u573a\u58f0\u63f4<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/14 CGTN-TV: Wrongfully accused of spying, Sherry Chen fights to get her job back<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/15 \u4e2d\u56fd\u4fa8\u7f51: \u7f8e\u56fd\u534e\u4eba\u9648\u971e\u82ac\u590d\u804c\u516c\u542c\u4f1a\u542f\u52a8 \u652f\u6301\u8005\u5230\u573a\u58f0\u63f4<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/16 China Daily: It’s about time scientist Sherry Chen got her job back<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/17 \u7f8e\u56fd\u4e9a\u88d4\u65b0\u95fb\u5c40: \u4eb2\u5386\u9648\u971e\u82ac\u6848\u542c\u8bc1\u4f1a\uff1a\u89c1\u8bc1\u7f8e\u56fd\u534e\u4eba\u5386\u53f2\u65b0\u7684\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/18 Women of China: Chinese-American Female Scientist Demands Rehabilitation after Being Cleared from Espionage Charges<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/18 Capital City Info: \u89c1\u8bc1\u7f8e\u56fd\u534e\u4eba\u7ef4\u6743\u5386\u53f2\u65b0\u7684\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891 \u534e\u88d4\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u9648\u971e\u82ac\u8499\u51a4\u6848\u542c\u8bc1\u4f1a\u5f00\u5ead<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/19 WKRC-12 CBS Cincinnati: Newsmakers: March 19, 2017<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/23 \u200bGlobal Times: US\u2019 politicizing exchanges hinders progress in aerospace<\/a>
\n2017\/03\/27 Erin Chew: US Citizen Sherry Chen Wrongfully Accused Of Spying For China<\/a><\/p>

Additional reports and updates are made in The Sherry Chen Legal Defense Fund<\/a> website at https:\/\/www.sherrychendefensefund.org\/<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

2013\/10\/07<\/td>\nGuoqing Cao & Shuyu Li<\/td>\n\n
\"Eli<\/a>
Eli Lilly and Co.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/td>\n
Guoqing Cao and Shuyu Li are naturalized U.S. citizens born in China. They were biologists at the Eli Lilly and Company.<\/p>

U.S. District Court: USA v. CAO et al<\/a>
\n2013\/10\/08 IBJ: Lilly scientists stole $55 million in trade secrets, indictment alleges<\/a>
\n2014\/04\/24 Fox59 News: Former Eli Lilly employees granted home detention in \u2018trade secrets\u2019 case<\/a>
\n2014\/12\/05 IBJ: Feds drop case against former Lilly scientists accused of stealing secrets<\/a>
\n2014\/12\/08 Wall Street Journal: Wire Fraud Charges Against Former Lilly Scientists are Dismissed<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

2013\/03\/13<\/td>\nBo Jiang<\/td>\n\"frank.wolf.oops\"<\/a>
\nRep. Frank Wolf<\/a><\/td>\n		Bo Jiang is a Chinese National. He was a contract researcher at the Langley Research Center, National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA). His case was unusual due to the direct interference of a U.S. Congressman.<\/p>

Wikipedia<\/a>
\n2013\/03\/19 CBS News: Update: NASA researcher arrested on China-bound plane<\/a>
\n2013\/03 Permanent: Chinese spy fear: NASA’s NTRS taken down by a Wolf<\/a>
\n2013\/05\/02 NASA Watch: Attn Frank Wolf: Bo Jiang Had Porn – Not Secrets – on His Laptop<\/a>
\n2013\/05\/03 Bloomberg News: Chinese Spy Suspect Pleads Guilty to Violating NASA Rules<\/a>
\n2013\/05\/15 China-US Focus: For Chinese American Scientists, America is the Land of Opportunity to Go to Jail<\/a>
\n2013\/10\/22 NASA IG Report: Bo Jiang\u2019s Access to NASA\u2019s Langley Research Center<\/a>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

2011\/10\/07<\/td>\nNational Insider Threat Program<\/td>\n\n
\"National<\/a>
National Insider Threat Task Force<\/figcaption><\/figure>

<\/p>\n

\"Edward<\/a>
Edward R. Murrow vs Senator Joseph McCarthy<\/figcaption><\/figure>

<\/p>\n

\"Congressman<\/a>
Congressman Ted Lieu Questions Office of National Intelligence<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/td>\n
President Barrack Obama issued Executive Order 13587 on October 7, 2011, directing federal departments and agencies, with classified networks, to establish insider threat detection and prevention programs. <\/p>

2011\/10\/07 White House: Executive Order 13587 — Structural Reforms to Improve the Security of Classified Networks and the Responsible Sharing and Safeguarding of Classified Information<\/a>
\n2012\/11\/21 Director of National Intelligence: National Insider Threat Policy and the Minimum Standards for Executive Branch Insider Threat Programs<\/a>
\n2013\/06\/10 CBS News: Thomas Drake: The dark side of data and the NSA<\/a>
\n2013\/06\/20 mcclatchydc.com: Obama\u2019s crackdown views leaks as aiding enemies of U.S.<\/a>
\n2013\/07\/16 Federation of American Scientists: Insider Threat Policy Equates Leakers, Spies, Terrorists<\/a>
\n2013\/07\/29 defenseone.com Obama\u2019s Whistleblower Witchunt Won\u2019t Work at DOD<\/a>
\n2014\/05\/13-20 PBS Frontline: The United States of Secrets Part 1 & Part 2<\/a>
\n        05\/13 Part 1: How did the government come to spy on millions of Americans? (114:11)
\n        05\/20 Part 2: FRONTLINE investigates how Silicon Valley feeds the NSA’s global dragnet (53:41)
\n2015\/01\/03 New York Times: F.B.I. Employees With Ties Abroad See Security Bias <\/a>
\n2015\/06\/02 General Accountability Office Report 15-544: INSIDER THREATS DOD Should Strengthen Management and Guidance to Protect Classified Information and Systems<\/a>
\n2015\/07\/16 General Accountability Office Report 15-543: INSIDER THREATS DOD Should Improve Information Sharing and Oversight to Protect U.S. Installations <\/a>
\n2015\/07\/16 fcw.com: DOD looks to new analytics center to tackle insider threat<\/a>
\n2016\/02\/18 Federal Register: Privacy Act: Implementation of Exemptions; Department of Homeland Security\/ALL\u2013038 Insider Threat Program System of Records<\/a>
\n2016\/03\/09 Jeremy Wu: ALERT Reject The DHS Proposal<\/a>
\n2016\/03\/22 80-20: Comment on DHS Proposal<\/a>
\n2016\/03\/24 Committee of 100: Comment on DHS Proposal<\/a>
\n2016\/03\/28
\n        Electronic Privacy Information Center: Comment on DHS Proposal<\/a>
\n        OCA: Comment on DHS Proposal<\/a>
\n2016\/04\/06 Government Accountability Project: Dissent is Dangerous: Insider Threat Defense and \u201cThe Snowden Affair\u201d <\/a>
\n2016\/04\/07 Federation of American Scientists: Insider Threat and Security Clearance Reform <\/a>
\n2016\/05\/13 Rep. Ted Lieu: Questions Office of National Intelligence on Targeting of Asian Americans<\/a>
\n2016\/05\/19
\n        Federal Register: Defense Department on Privacy Act of 1974; System of Records<\/a>
\n        Regulations.gov: Department of Defense (DOD) Privacy Act Implementation<\/a>
\n2016\/05\/27
\n        Nextgen.gov: Pentagon is Building Massive Hub of Insider Threat Data<\/a>
\n        Holland & Knight: DSS Issues NISPOM Revisions Requiring Cleared Contractors to Create Inside Threat Programs<\/a>
\n2016\/06\/20 Government Accountability Project: The Insider Threat Program: Determined to Avoid Accountability<\/a>
\n2016\/10\/17 Federal News Radio Slow implementation of insider threat programs not the cause of latest incident<\/a>
\n2016\/12\/22 Fox News: Attorney: FBI singling out Chinese-Americans with insider-threat program<\/a>
\n2017\/09\/28 DOJ: Audit of the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Insider Threat Program<\/a>
\n2017\/10\/18 CommonDreams: Insider Threat Program Training and Trump\u2019s War on Leaks: A Chilling Combination for Whistleblowers<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

2008\/06\/24<\/td>\nHaiping Su<\/td>\n\n
\"Ames<\/a>
Ames Research Center, NASA<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/td>\n
Haiping Su is a naturalized U.S. citizen born in China. He was an Earth Scientist at Ames Research Center, National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA). <\/p>

2008\/06\/24: Haiping Su was denied access as “a security risk” to the facilities by a debarment letter and escorted out of the research center.
\n2008\/07\/03: Su was served a Notice of Intent to Terminate because he had no access to the NASA facility to perform his responsibilities according to the needs of the research task.
\n2008\/07\/17: Su received a Rescindment of Notice of Intent to Terminate because it was determined that he would be able to continue to work from an alternative work site via a telecommuting agreement. The agreement initially was valid through September 14, 2010, but subsequently it was renewed through September 15, 2013.
\n2010\/04\/09 Casetext.com: SU V. NATIONAL AERONAUTICS SPACE ADMINISTRATION<\/a>
\n2013\/04\/17 Casetext.com: HAIPING SU V. NAT’L AERONAUTICS & SPACE ADMIN.<\/a>
\n2014\/09\/29 Courthouse News: Scientist’s Privacy Worth $10K, Judge Says<\/a>
\n2015\/02\/19 New America Media: In Anti-Discrimination Suit, Haiping Su Took on Big Gov and Won<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

2001\/09\/11<\/td>\nBig Data, Civil Liberties and National Security<\/td>\n\"Benjamin-FranklinGiveUpEssentialLiberty\"<\/a>
\n\"PCLOB702Report\"<\/a>
\n\"4thamendment\"<\/a><\/td>\n		APA FISA Watch: Resource Seeking Reforms on FISA<\/a>
\nAutomated Targeting System: American Civil Liberties Union<\/a>    Electronic Privacy Information Center<\/a>
\nEPIC.org: Algorithmic Transparency: End Secret Profiling<\/a>
\nEmptywheel.net: Timeline on Warrantless Wiretap<\/a><\/p>

2007\/05\/15 Washington Post: White House Edits to Privacy Board’s Report Spur Resignation<\/a>
\n2007\/09\/22 Washington Post: Collecting of Details on Travelers Documented<\/a>
\n2008\/07\/10 Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) Amendments Act <\/a>
\n2009\/05\/22 National Public Radio: Reject ‘False Choice’ Between Security And Ideals, Obama Urges<\/a>
\n2010\/12\/20 Salon.com: The government\u2019s one-way mirror<\/a>
\n2012\/06\/01 Department of Homeland Security: Privacy Impact Assessment for the Automated Targeting System<\/a>
\n2013\/06\/06 Washington Post: NSA slides explain the PRISM data-collection program<\/a>
\n2014\/07\/02 Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board: Report on the Surveillance Program Operated Pursuant to Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act<\/a>
\n2014\/10\/19 Boston Globe: Vote all you want. The secret government won\u2019t change.<\/a>
\n2015\/02\/09 Public Broadcasting System: Frontline: How the NSA Spying Programs Have Changed Since Snowden<\/a>
\n2015\/06\/02 Washington Post: Congressional action on NSA is a milestone in the post-9\/11 world<\/a>
\n2015\/11\/23 CNN: Choice between security and liberty a false one<\/a>
\n2016\/04\/20 Washington Post: Public advocate: FBI\u2019s use of PRISM surveillance data is unconstitutional<\/a>
\n2016\/04\/27 Reuters: Email privacy bill unanimously passes U.S. House<\/a>
\n2016\/05 White House: Big Data: A Report on Algorithmic Systems, Opportunity, and Civil Rights<\/a>
\n2016\/05\/06 Regulations.gov: Privacy Act; Implementation of Exemptions for The Next Generation Identification (NGI) System, JUSTICE\/FBI-009<\/a>
\n2016\/05\/22 The Guardian: How the Pentagon punished NSA whistleblowers<\/a>
\n2016\/05\/31 Jeremy Wu: The Dark Side of Big Data and Predictive Analytics?<\/a>
\n2016\/06\/17 International Business Times: Spying on Citizens More Widespread in US Than China, Says Presidential Candidate Gary Johnson<\/a>
\n2016\/07\/13 YouTube: Launch of the Fourth Amendment Caucus and Fourth Amendment Advisory Committee<\/a>
\n2016\/07\/22 Electronic Frontier Foundation: Bipartisan Caucus Launches in the House to Defend Fourth Amendment<\/a>
\n2017\/05\/25 Circa.com: Declassified memos show FBI illegally shared spy data on Americans with private parties<\/a>
\n2017 Demand Progress: Institutional\u200b \u200bLack\u200b \u200bof\u200b \u200bCandor: A primer on recent unauthorized activity by the Intelligence Community<\/a>
\n2017\/10\/31 Jeremy Wu et al: Comparison of Current FISA Reauthorization Bills<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

1999\/12\/10<\/td>\nWen Ho Lee<\/td>\n<\/a><\/p>\n
\"Dr.<\/a>
Dr. Wen Ho Lee<\/figcaption><\/figure>

<\/p>\n

\"Albuqueque<\/a>
Albuquerque Federal Court House, September 13, 2000<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/td>\n
Wen Ho Lee is a naturalized U.S. citizen born in Taiwan. He was a nuclear physcist contractor at the Los Alamos National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy.<\/p>

A collection of 153 articles by the New York Times<\/a> beginning with:
\n1999\/03\/06: Breach at Los Alamos: A special report: China Stole Nuclear Secrets For Bombs, U.S. Aides Say<\/a><\/p>

1999\/03\/09 New York Times: U.S. Fires Scientist Suspected Of Giving China Bomb Data<\/a>
\n1999\/12\/10 U.S. District Court: Indictment<\/a>
\n2000\/01\/19 Department of Energy:
\n        Richardson Releases Task Force Against Racial Profiling Report and Announces 8 Immediate Actions<\/a>
\n        Task Force Against Racial Profiling<\/a>
\n2000\/09\/13 Judgment Day
\n        Transcript of Court Proceedings<\/a>
\n        Judge James A. Parker: Apology to Dr. Wen Ho Lee<\/a>
\n2000\/09\/26 Attorney General Janet Reno: on Oversight on the Wen Ho Lee Case before a joint hearing of Senate Committees<\/a>
\n2000\/10\/12
\n        C-SPAN Video: Rep. Patsy Mink on the Investigation and Treatment of Dr. Wen Ho Lee (30:52)<\/a>
\n        Congressional Record: Rep. Patsy Mink on the Investigation and Treatment of Wen Ho Lee<\/a>
\n2000\/11 American Journalism Review: Rush to Judgment <\/a>
\n2001\/12\/20 U.S. Senate: Report on the Government’s Handling of the Investigation and Prosecution of Dr. Wen Ho Lee<\/a>
\n2006\/06\/03 The Washington Post: U.S., Media Settle With Wen Ho Lee<\/a>
\n2007\/05\/21 YouTube: The Wen Ho Lee Story<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

1996\/10\/11<\/td>\nEconomic Espionage<\/td>\n\n
\"18<\/a>
18 U.S. Code \u00a7 1831 – Economic espionage. Source: Cornell University<\/figcaption><\/figure>

<\/p>\n

\"18<\/a>
18 U.S. Code \u00a7 1832 – Theft of trade secrets. Source: Cornell University<\/figcaption><\/figure>

<\/p>\n

\"U.S.<\/a>
U.S. Code \u00a7 1839 – Definition of Trade Secret and Related Terms.
Source: Cornell University<\/figcaption><\/figure>

<\/p>\n

\"US<\/a>
US Attorneys’ Manual<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/td>\n
The Economic Espionage Act of 1996<\/a>, also known as the National Information Infrastructure Protection Act, covers primarily 18 U.S. Code \u00a7 1831 Economic Espionage and 18 U.S. Code \u00a7 1832 Theft of Trade Secrets, but the charges may extend to illegal exports and a variety of possible alternatives such as Wire Fraud or False Statement.
\nDOJ National Security Division: Most Recent “Fact Sheet”<\/a><\/p>

2009\/09\/27 Wall Street Journal: You Commit Three Felonies a Day<\/a>
\n2009\/11 United States Attorneys’ Bulletin: Economic Espionage and Trade Secrets<\/a>
\n2011\/04 FBI White Paper: Higher Education and National Security: The Targeting of Sensitive, Proprietary, and Classified Information on Campuses of Higher Education<\/a>
\n2012\/09\/19 Law360.com: A Look At 16 Years Of EEA Prosecutions<\/a>
\n2012\/09\/21 petertoren.com: An Analysis of Economic Espionage Act Prosecutions: What Companies Can Learn From It and What the Government Should Be Doing About It!<\/a>
\n2013\/01\/11 mondaq.com: Understanding The New Theft Of Trade Secrets Clarification Act Of 2012<\/a> Public Law 112-236
\n2013\/01\/14 Text of the Foreign and Economic Espionage Penalty Enhancement Act of 2012<\/a> Public Law 112-269
\n2013\/02 White House: Administration Strategy on Mitigating the Theft of U.S. Trade Secrets<\/a>
\n2013\/03\/19 Federal Public Defenders: Comments to the United States Sentencing Commission on The Foreign and Economic Espionage Penalty Enhancement Act of 2012<\/a>
\n2013\/05 National Bureau of Asian Research: Report by The Commission on the Theft of American Intellectual Property <\/a>
\n2013\/09\/01 Robin L. Kuntz: How Not to Catch a Thief: Why the Economic Espionage Act Fails to Protect American Trade Secrets<\/a>
\n2014\/05\/13 FBI: Statement Before the Senate Judiciary Committee, Subcommittee on Crime and Terrorism<\/a>
\n2014\/07\/25 Congressional Research Service: Stealing Trade Secrets and Economic Espionage: An Overview of 18 U.S.C. 1831 and 1832 <\/a>
\n2014\/12 Department of Justice: Guidance for Federal Law Enforcement Agencies Regarding the Use of Race, Ethnicity, Gender, National Origin, Religion, Sexual Orientation, or Gender Identify <\/a>
\n2014\/12 Matthew T. Priebe: The Economic Espionage Act of 1996: A 15 Year Review<\/a>
\n2015\/07\/23 The Daily Beast: FBI Probes \u2018Hundreds\u2019 of China Spy Cases<\/a>
\n2015\/07\/24 CNN: FBI sees Chinese involvement amid sharp rise in economic espionage cases<\/a>
\n2015\/07 Department of Commerce: Don’t Let This Happen to You: Actual Investigations of Export Control and Antiboycott Violations<\/a>
\n2015\/09\/29 The Legal Intelligencer: Gov’t Mistakes Rare in Espionage Cases, Former Feds Say<\/a>
\n2015\/12\/31 Thomas J. Nolan: Trends in Trade Secret Prosecutions<\/a>
\n2016\/01\/16 Reuters: Northrop CEO Says China’s R&D spending could ‘leapfrog’ U.S<\/a>
\n2016\/01\/17 CBS 60 Minutes: The Great Brain Robbery<\/a>
\n2016\/01\/21 The Hill: Protecting our trade secrets is vital to economic growth<\/a>
\n2016\/01\/31 Christian Science Monitor: Why China hacks the world<\/a>
\n2016\/03\/02 Federal Times OPM hack might not have been illegal<\/a>
\n2016\/03 Updated U.S. Attorneys’ Manual: 9-90.010 – National Security<\/a>
\n2016\/04\/05
\n        Shubha Ghosh: Comments on Defend Trade Secrets Act of 2016<\/a>
\n        The Washington Post: How a federal spy case turned into a child pornography prosecution<\/a>
\n        The Herald: How a spy probe wound up as a child pornography prosecution<\/a>
\n2016\/04\/06
\n        govconwire.com: FBI\u2019s Randall Coleman: Economic Espionage Part of \u2018Hybrid Threat\u2019 Picture<\/a>
\n        JDSupra.com: U.S. Senate Passes Bill Creating A Civil Cause Action in Federal Court for Trade Secret Misappropriation<\/a>
\n2016\/04\/28
\n        Forbes: The New ‘Defend Trade Secrets Act’ Is The Biggest IP Development In Years<\/a>
\n        JDSupra.com: Defend Trade Secrets Act of 2016 Heading to White House: What You Should Know Now<\/a>
\n2016\/05\/06 Financial Times: Spy crackdown reflects US security shift<\/a>
\n2016\/05\/11 Defend Trade Secrets Act became effective
\n2017\/07\/31 Jeremy Wu: One Asian American\u2019s Perspective on the FISA Amendments Act and Section 702<\/a>
\n2017\/10\/05 Newsweek: Cyberwar: How Chinese Hackers Became a Major Threat to The U.S.<\/a>
\n2017\/11\/07 Jeremy Wu et al: Making a Choice in the Legislative Battle of FISA Reauthorization<\/a>
\n2017\/11\/08 Jeremy Wu: Comparison of FISA Reauthorization Bills<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

1943\/02\/19<\/td>\nJapanese American Internment<\/td>\n\n
\"Notice<\/a>
Notice to Intern Japnaese Americans under E.O. 9066<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/td>\n
President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed and issued Executive Order 9066 during World War II on February 19, 1942, authorizing the Secretary of War to prescribe certain areas as military zones. Eventually, E.O. 9066 cleared the way for the internment of more than 110,000 Japanese Americans. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1882\/05\/06<\/td>\nChinese Exclusion Act<\/td>\n\"Chinese-Exclusion-Act\"<\/a><\/p>\n
\"Senator<\/a>
Senator George Hoar (R-MA)<\/figcaption><\/figure>

<\/p>\n

\"Final<\/a>
Final Senate Vote for Indefinite Extension of 1902<\/figcaption><\/figure>

<\/p>\n

\"1860-2010<\/a>
1860-2010 Chinese American Populations<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/td>\n
Materials in this section are based primarily on the book Forbidden Citizens<\/a> written by Martin Gold. Congress passed restrictive legislation between 1879 and 1904. The most notorious was the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, described as “one of the most vulgar forms of barbarism,” by Rep. John Kasson (R-IA) in 1882.<\/p>

Visualize Timeline of 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act and Related Events<\/a><\/p>

1882: After President Chester A. Arthur vetoed a 20-year exclusion bill on April 4, 1882, Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882<\/a> for a 10-year suspension of skilled and unskilled laborer immigration from China. Congress kept the provision expressly prohibiting courts from naturalizing Chinese persons. Chinese who were already in the U.S. were entitled to government-issued certificates allowing them to return to the U.S. The House passed the bill with a vote of 201 yes, 37 no and 53 not voting. The Senate amended the bill and passed it by a vote of 32 yes, 15 no and 29 not voting. The House passed the Senate-amended bill by voice vote. President Arthur signed it into law on May 6, 1882. <\/p>

1892: Congress passed the Geary Act<\/a> in 1892, which:
\n        * extended the 10-year exclusion policy for 10 more years
\n        * required Chinese to carry certificates of residence that established their right to be in the U.S.
\n        * rendered Chinese who did not have such papers presumptively deportable
\n        * declared that paperless Chinese who attempted to prove eligibility in court would need the corroborating testimony of at least one credible white witness
\n        * subjected Chinese who were convicted to up to a year in prison before deportation
\n        * denied bail to Chinese immigrants who applied for writs of habeas corpus.
\nThese unprecedented requirements applied to no one other than Chinese persons. Chinese in the U.S. organized to resist the enforcement of the law by proclaiming that the Chinese in the U.S. ought not register, but rather contribute to a fund for hiring of lawyers to fight the law on the ground of unconstitutionality. By the April 1893 deadline, only 3,169 of the estimated 110,000 Chinese in the country had registered. The Geary Act was challenged in the courts but was upheld by the United States Supreme Court in a 5-3 decision, Fong Yue Ting v. United States <\/a>. The Court decided that just as a nation had the right to determine its own immigration policy, it also had the right to force all foreign nationals to register. Congress passed the McCreary Amendment to extend by 6 months the deadline for Chinese to register. The residence permits later became the “green cards” after the Alien Registration Act of 1940 <\/a>.<\/p>

1902: Congress indefinitely extended all Chinese Exclusion Laws that were consistent with treaty obligations. Policies set forth in the 1902 Act, which included application of Chinese exclusion to Hawaii and the Philippines, were to remain in force so long as Gresham-Yang Treaty of 1894<\/a> was active. The Chinese population in California had been reduced from 75,000 to 45,600 in 20 years of exclusion. The Chinese population in the U.S. was less than 90,000 in 1900. In comparison, the number of immigrants coming to the U.S. in one year, most of them Europeans, was approaching half a million. The U.S. had announced the Open Door Policy<\/a> in regards to China in 1900. In America, voters demanded Chinese exclusion. In China, U.S. businessmen demanded “The Open Door.” Nationalism was rising in China at this time. The Chinese Minister Wu Tingfang<\/a> submitted a lengthy letter of protest against the atmosphere of hostility against the Chinese in the pending U.S. legislation to extend the exclusion policy and sought China’s consent for its enactment. Senator Jacob Gallinger<\/a> validated Minister Wu’s vehement objections and concluded with a prescient admonition: “[The Chinese] are a great people. The Empire is a sleeping giant, that will some time rouse from her slumbers, and it will be well for the United States to then be her friend. Let us be just in this matter.” Senator George Hoar<\/a> was the last to speak in the Senate debate. He had been a senator since 1877, all through the exclusion era, and he had been an unceasing opponent of the policy. He would die in office in 1904. On April 16, 1902, he made one last statement denouncing the exclusion policy: “I hold that every human soul has its rights, dependent upon individual personal worth and not dependent upon color or race\u2026As this bill violates that principle, I am bound to record my protest, if I stand alone.” The final vote in the Senate was 76 to 1 for passage of the indefinite extension of 1902. President Theodore Roosevelt signed the extension legislation into law on April 29, 1902.<\/p>

1943: Congress repealed all laws “relating to the exclusion and deportation of the Chinese” in 1943 President Franklin Roosevelt asked Congress to end the Chinese exclusion laws. The existence of such discriminatory, racial laws had been fodder for Japanese propaganda within China during World War II. Reprsentative Warren Magnuson sponsored egislation to repeal the exclusion laws in 1943. Although there was dissent in both the House and the Seante, and labor and veteran organizations exprsssed misgivings, repeal was broadly supported by Democrats and Republicans and passed by voice votes. President Roosevelt signed the Chinese Exclusion Repeal Act, also known as the Magnuson Act, on Decemnber 17, 1943.<\/p>

2012: On May 26, 2011, House Resolution 282 was submitted by Representatives Judy Chu and Judy Biggert, and Senate Resolution 201 by Senators Scott Brown and Dianne Feinstien to formally express regret for the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and other legislation that discriminated against people of Chinese origin in the United States. The U.S. Senate passed Resolution 201 by voice vote on October 6, 2011. The House passed House Resolution 683 by voice vote on June 18, 2012. \n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>

\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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